编辑部归纳科技论文表达典型错误

2023-03-24 13:43:45   来源：网络    点击：

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主语遗漏导致的逻辑混乱

  

　　（1）不可遗漏动作的执行者：

　　——To determine its respiratory quotient, the organism was… (the organism determine…?)

　　——Having completed the study, the bacteria were of no further interest. (the bacteria completed the study?)

　　（2）文献引用尽量准确、具体：

　　——cells were broken by as previously described[9] 应改为：cells were broken by ultrasonic treatment as previously described[9].

 

　　时态

　（1）现在时：具有普遍的意义推论或结论：

　　——The experimental and theoretical values for the yields agree well.

　　——Our data suggest that the reaction rate may be determined by the amount of oxygen available.

　（2）过去时：所概述推论的有效性只是针对本次特定的研究：

　　——In the first series of trials, the experimental values were all lower than the theoretical predictions.

　　模糊

　　避免使用Thoughts on ..., Regarding …, Study…, 等

　　标题

　　Bad: Action of antibiotics on bacteria

　　Bad: Preliminary observations on the effect of certain antibiotics on various species of bacteria

　　Good: Action of Streptomycin on Mycobacterium tuberculosis

　　Better: Inhibition of growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Streptomycin

　　题名：介词问题

　　Bad: Linear programming method of optimization of systems of partial differential equation

　　Good: Linear programming method for optimization of partial differential equation systems (偏微分方程系统最优化的线性程序设计方法)

　　Bad: Formulation of equations of vertical motion of finite element form for vehicle-bridge interaction system

　　Good: Finite element based formulations for vehicle-bridge interaction system considering vertical motion 车桥相互作用系统有限元形式的竖向运动方程

　　题名：缩略语的使用

　　The effects of air pollutants on taking of SARS GEE

　　用广义估计方程研究大气污染对SARS发病的影响

　　GEE—generalized estimating equation

　　The quarantine measures and preventative countermeasures of preventing the propagation of RIFA through international shippings

防止红火蚊随国际航行船舶传播的检疫措施与防控对策

　　RIFA—red imported fire ant

　　题名类型

　　（1）.名词词组: Inositol trisphosphate and calcium signaling (三磷酸肌醇和钙信号表达 )

　　（2）.主副题名: WAF1：A potential mediator of p53 tumor suppression (WAF1: p53肿瘤抑制作用的一个可能介导因子)

　　（3）.系列题名: Density-functional thermochemistry. III. The role of exact exchange (密度函数的热化学: 3. 正解交换的作用)

　　（4）.陈述性题名: The p21 Cdk-interacting protein Cip1 is a potent inhibitor of G1 cyclin-dependent kinases (p21 Cdk作用蛋白(又称Cip1)是G1细胞周期依赖性蛋白激酶的强抑制剂)

　　（5）.疑问句题名: When is a bird not a bird?

　　眉题(Running title，论文的页眉，一般不超过40字符)

　　（1）.题目：WAF1: p53肿瘤抑制作用的一个可能介导因子

　　WAF1：A potential mediator of p53 tumor suppression

　　眉题：WAF1 as a mediator of p53 function

　　（2）.题目：淋巴细胞再循环和白细胞迁移中的路径信号: ……

　　Traffic signals for lymphocyte recirculation and leukocyte emigration: the multistep …

　　眉题：Traffic signals for leukocyte circulation

　　作者姓名的拼音表达方式

　　（1）.国家标准(GB/T 16159-1996) : 汉语人名按姓和名分写, 姓和名的开头字母大写, 如: Wang Jianguo (王建国), Dongfang Shuo (东方朔), Zhuge Kongming (诸葛孔明), 等;

　　（2）.“中国学术期刊(光盘版)检索与评价数据规范” ：姓前名后, 姓氏的全部字母均大写, 复姓应连写. 名字的首字母大写, 双名中间加连字符; 名字不缩写. 如: ZHANG Ying (张颖), WANG Xi-lian (王锡联), ZHUGE Hua (诸葛华)

　　（3）.“Nature”：

　　Shengli Ren, Guang’an Zu, Hong-fei Wang

　　(任胜利, 祖广安, 王鸿飞)

　　缩写: Ren S, Zu G, Wang H F

　　致谢(Acknowledgements)

　　致谢的开始就用“We thank”, 不要使用“We wish to thank”, “We would like to thank”, 等;

　　——如果说“I wish to thank Jones for …”则是在浪费单词, 并且也可能蕴含着我希望感谢John Jones的帮助, 但这种帮助并不那么大);

　　——用“I thank Jones”更显得简明和真诚

　　来源：《自然科学进展》编辑部