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岩土工程专业词汇——A辑

2021-11-30 13:48:16   来源:网络    点击:



absorbed water 吸着水 
aging 老化 
abutment 桥台 
allowable bearing capacity 容许承载力 
acoustic emission of rock 岩石声发射 
allowable settlement 容许沉降 
acoustic prospecting 声学探测 
alluvial fan 冲积扇 
active earth pressure 主动土压力 
alluvial soil 冲积土 
alternating load 交变荷载 
active fault 活断层 
anchoring, bolting 锚固 bolting(螺栓连接, 拧紧)
activity index 活动性指数 
anchor slab wall 锚定板墙 
additional stress,superimposed stress 附加应力 
anticline 背斜 
aquifer 含水层
adverse geologic phenomena 不良地质现象 
artesian(自流井的) pressure head 承压水头 
aeolian deposit 风积土 
artificial fill 人工填土 
aeration(通风) zone water 包气带水 
attitude 产状 
average thickness method 平均厚度法 
aggregate for concrete 混凝土骨料 
 
岩土工程专业词汇——B辑
back analysis 反演分析 
bearing capacity factor 承载力因数 
base course 道路基层 
bearing stratum 持力层 
bed rock 基岩 
berm 反压平台 ( 反压马道 )
boulder(stone block) 漂石 ( 块石 )
Biot consolidation theory 比奥固结理论 
Boussinesq theory 布辛涅斯克理论 
Bishop's somplified method of slices 毕肖普简化条分法 
bridge pier 桥墩           brittle failure 脆性破坏 
bulk modulus 体积模量               blasting 爆破 
buoyancy 浮托力          block theory 块体理论 
buttress retaining wall 支墩式挡墙 
body force 体积力            borrow area 取土场 
by-pass seepage 绕渗 
 
岩土工程专业词汇——C辑
Cahtornia Bearing Ratio(CBR) 加州承载比 
cobble 卵石 ( 碎石 )
coefficient of collapsibility 湿陷系数 
cantilever retaining wall 悬臂式挡墙 
coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数 
capillary water 毛细管水 
categortzatlon of geotechnical projects 岩土工程分级 
coefficient of consolidation 固结系数 
cemment stabilization 水泥加固 
coefficient of curvature 曲率系数 
central load 中心荷载 ( 轴心荷载 )
coefficient of deformation due to leaching 溶滤变形系数 
Cerruti‘ssolution 色卢铁解答 
coefficient of permeability 渗透系数 
check dam 谷坊      chemical grouting 化学灌浆 
coeffieient of secondary consolidation 次固结系数 
coarse aggregate 粗骨料 
coefficient of self-weight collapsibility 自重湿陷系数 
coarse-grained soil 粗粒土 
coefficient of uniformity 均匀系数 
compression index 压缩指数 
coefficient of viscosity 粘滞系数 
compressive strength 抗压强度 
coefficient of volume compressibility 体积压缩系数 
concentrated load 集中荷载 ( 点荷载 )
coefficient of weathering 风化系数 
concrete faced rockfill dam 混凝土面板堆石坝 
cohesion 粘聚力 
cone penetration test(CPT) 静力触探试验 
cohesionless soil 无粘性土
cohesive soil 粘性土
confined warer 承压水 
collapsibility 湿陷性
consistency limit 稠度界限 
collapsibility test of loess 黄土湿陷试验 
consolidated-drained triaxial test 固结排水三轴试验 
collapsible soil 湿陷性土 
consolidated quick shear test 固结快剪试验 
combined bolting and shotcrete 喷锚支护 
consolidated - undrainbd triaxial test 固结不排水三轴试验 
compaetibility 压实性 
compaction by rolling 碾压法 
compaction grouting method 挤密喷浆法 
consolidation 固结 
consolidation cure 固结曲线 
岩土工程专业词汇——C辑
compacting mechinery 碾压机械 
consolidation grouting 固结灌浆 
compaction test 击实试验 
composite ground 复合地基 
consolidation settlement 固结沉降 
composite slip surface 复合滑动面 
consolidation test 固结试验 
comprehensive engineering geological map 综合工程地质图 
岩土工程专业词汇——C辑
constitutive relation of soil
   土的本构关系 ( 本构模型 )
comoressibility 压缩性 
constrained grain size 限制粒径 
Coulomb's earth pressure theory
    库仑土压力理论 
counterfort retaining wall 扶壁式挡墙 
constrained modulus 压缩模量 
crack growth 裂纹扩展          creep 蠕变 
contact pressure 基底压力 ( 接触压力 )
critical edge pressure 临塑荷载 
contour map of groundwater 地下水等水位线图 
critical height of slope( 土坡 ) 临界高度 
control of underground water 地下水控制 
critical hydraulic gradient 临界水力梯度 
core of rock 岩芯 
core recovery 岩芯采取率 
critical void ratio 临界孔隙比 
core wall 心墙 
corner-points method 角点法
cross - hole method 跨孔法 
curtain grouting 帷幕灌浆 
Coulomb - Navier strength theory 库仑—纳维强度理论 
cushion 垫层                                    cutting 路堑 
cutoff wall 截水墙            cyclic load 周期荷载 
 
岩土工程专业词汇——D辑
Darcy's law 达西定律 
Degree of consolidation 固结度 
debris flow 泥石流         
degree of saturation 饱和度 
deep mixing method 深层搅拌法 
delayed elasticity 弹性后效 
deep soil stabilization 深层土加固 
densification by explosion 爆炸加密法 
deep well method 深井法 
degree of compaction 压实度 
densification by sand pile 挤密砂桩 
density 密度
depletion coefficient 疏干系数 
dispersion coefficient 弥散系数 
developing chart of exploratory drift
    坑洞展示图 
dispersive clay 分散性粘土 
disturbed soil sample 扰动土样 
dewatering method 降水法 
differential settlement 沉降差 
diversion tunnel 导流洞 
down-hole method 下孔法 
dike , levee 堤 drainage method 排水法 
dilatancy 剪胀性 dynamic consolidation 强夯法
dilatancy of rock 岩石扩容 
dynamic load 动荷载       diluvial fan 洪积扇 
dynamic penetration test 动力触探试验 
diluvial soil 洪积土 [ dai’lju:vjel ]
direct shear test 直剪试验 
dynamic simple shear test 动单剪试验
disaster geology 灾害地质学 
dynamic triaxial test 动三错轴试验 
dislocation 位错 
 
岩土工程专业词汇——E辑
earth dam 土坝 
effective grain size 有效粒径 
earth material 土料 
earth pressure at rest 静止土压力 
effective porosity 有效孔隙率 
effective stress 有效应力 
earthquake engineering 地震工程学 
effective stress analysis 有效应力分析 
earthquake subsidence 震陷
elastic strain 弹性应变 
electrical prospecting 电法勘探 
earth — rock dam 土石坝 
earthwork 土石方工程  electro-osmosis 电渗法 
eccentric load 偏心荷载        embankment 路堤 
engineering geologic columnar profile
工程地质柱状图 
environmental geotechnics 环境岩士工程 
engineering geologic exploration 工程地质勘探 
equipotential line 等势线 
engineering geologic drilling 工程地质钻探 
equivalent opening size(EOS) 等效孔径 
engmeering geologic evaluation 工程地质评价 
excavating machinery 挖掘机械 
engineering geologic map 工程地质图 
excavation 挖方
excess pore water pressure 超静水压力 
engineering geologic mapping 工程地质测绘 
expanded polystyrene(EPS) [ ’poli ’staieri:n ]
聚苯乙烯发泡材料
engineering geologic profile 工程地质剖面图 
expansive soil 膨胀土 
 
岩土工程专业词汇——F辑
fabric sheet reinforced earth 铺网法 
fine-grained soil 细粒土fissuerd clay 裂隙粘土 
factor of safety 安全系数 fissure water 裂隙水 
failure strength 破坏强度 
flat jack technique 扁千斤顶法 
fall of ground 冒顶 fatigue strength 疲劳强度 
flow line 流线 fault 断层 
flow net 流网 
field identification of soil 土的现场鉴别 
fold 褶皱                    fraction 粒组 
field observation 现场观测 
fracture mechanics 断裂力学 
fill 填方                     fracture zone 断裂破碎带 
filter 反滤层             free face 临空面 
final settlement 最终沉降 
free swelling ratio 自由膨胀率 
fine aggregate 细骨料             free water 自由水 
frost heave 冻胀             freezing method 冻结法 
frost — heave capacity 冻胀量 
french drain 盲沟                 fresh rock 新鲜岩石 
frost heaving pressure 冻胀力 
friction — resistance ratio 摩阻比 
frozen soil 冻土 
 
岩土工程专业词汇——G辑
gap — graded soil 不连续级配土 
geosynthetics 土工合成材料 
geotechnical centrifugal model
   土工离心模型试验 
general shear failure 整体剪切破坏 
geotechnical engineering 岩土工程 
geocomposite 土工复合材料 
geotechnical engineering investigation
     岩土工程勘察 
Geodrain/prefabricated(预制) strip drain
    塑性排水带法 
Geofabriform 土工模袋    geogrid 土工格栅 
geotextiles 土工织物 
geologic environment 地质环境 
gradation 级配     grain size 粒径 
grain size distribution curve 粒径分布曲线 
geologic structure 地质构造 
gravelly soil 砾类土  gravitational water 重力水 
geomechanical model test 地质力学模型试验 
gravity retaining wall 重力式挡墙 
geomembrane 土工膜     geomorphology 地貌 
Griffith 's strength criterion 格里菲斯强度准则 
geophysical exploration 地球物理勘探 
ground fracturing 地裂      ground water 地下水 
ground treatment 地基处理 
geostatic stress 自重应力 
 
岩土工程专业词汇——G辑
groundwater dynamics 地下水动力学 
groundwater regime 地下水动态 
groundwater storage 地下水贮藏量 
groundwater hardness 地下水硬度 
groundwater monitoring 地下水监测 
groin, spur dike丁坝      grouting 灌浆 
groundwater pollution 地下水污染 
grouting test 灌浆试验     guide adit 导洞 
groundwater recharge 地下水补给量 
 
岩土工程专业词汇——H辑
hardness degree of rock 岩石坚硬程度 
hydrogeological drilling 水文地质钻探 
hydrogeological investigation 水文地质勘查 
hydraulic fracturing technique 水力劈裂法 
hydrogeology 水文地质学 
hydrostatic pressure 静水压力 
hydraulic fill 水力冲填 
hydraulic gradient 水力梯度 
heaving of the bottom 基坑底隆胀
hydraulic tunnel 水工隧道 
 
岩土工程专业词汇——I辑
influence chart 感应图 
influence chart 感应图 
infra - red detection 红外探测 
internal friction angle 内摩擦角 
investigation stage 勘察阶段 
isochrone 等时孔压线 
isoline method 等值线法
interstrated water 层间水  
 
岩土工程专业词汇——J、K辑
jet grouting method 高压喷射注浆法 
joint 节理 
Kaiser effect 凯塞效应 
karst land feature 喀斯特地貌 
karst 喀斯特 ( 岩溶 )
karst collapse 喀斯特塌陷 
Ko — consolidation Ko 固结
 
岩土工程专业词汇——L辑
Lamilar flow 层流            line load 线荷载 
landform unit 地貌单元 
liquefaction of sand 砂土液化 
landslide 滑坡          landslide mass 滑坡体 
liquefaction potential 液化势 
land subsidence 地面下沉        laterite 红土
liquidity index 液性指数     liquid limit 液限 
layerwise summation method 分层总和法 
local shear failure 局部剪切破坏 
loess 黄土/’louis/   lime pile method 石灰桩法
loess - like soil 黄土状土 lime soil pile 灰土桩lime treated soil 灰土    longitudinal dike 顺坝 
limit equilibrium method 极限平衡法 
long-term modulus 长期模量 
linear shrinkage ratio 线缩率 
long-term stability 长期稳定性 
Lugeon unit 吕荣单位 
 
岩土工程专业词汇——M辑
magmatic rock(igneous rock) 岩浆岩 ( 火成岩 )
modulus of elasticity 弹性模量 ( 杨氏模量 )
marine soil 海积土 
masonry retaining wall 砌体挡墙 
modulus of pressuremeter 旁压仪模量 
maximum dry density 最大干密度 
Mohr-Coulomb law 摩尔库仑定律 
mechanical properties of rock 岩石力学性质 
岩土工程专业词汇——M辑
monitoring of landslide 滑坡监测 
mechanics of granular media 散体力学 
monitoring of pore-water pressure
    孔隙水压力监测 
metamorphic rock 变质岩 
monitoring of settlement and deformation
  沉降变形监测
method of slice 条分法micro-crack 微裂纹  
岩土工程专业词汇——M辑
Mindlin’s solution 明德林解答  muck 淤泥 
monitoring of surrounding rock deformation of tunnel 洞室围岩变形监测 
modified Griffith 's criterion
修正的格里菲斯准则 
mini pile 微型桩      mud pumping 翻浆冒泥 
modulus of deformation 变形模量 
 
岩土工程专业词汇——N辑
natural angle of repose 天然休止角 
New Austrian Tunnelling Method(NATM) 新奥法 
natural building materials 天然建筑材料 
non-uniform settlement 不均匀沉降 
needle — punched geotextile 针刺土工织物 
nonwoven geotextile 无纺土工织物 
normalization 归一化 
normally consolidation soil 正常固结土
 
岩土工程专业词汇——O辑
optinum moisture content 最优含水率 
overburden pressure 覆盖压力 
organic soil 有机质土 
overconsolidation soil 超固结土 
osmosic pressure method 渗透压法 
over consolidation ratio(OCR) 超固结比 
out and cover method 明挖法 
over coarse-grained soil 巨粒土 
overbreak 超挖      overburden layer 覆盖层 
 
岩土工程专业词汇——P辑
packed drain , fabric-enclosed drain 袋装砂井 
permeability 渗透性
 parallel section method 平行断面法 
phreatic line 浸润线phreatic water 潜水 
parapet wall 防浪墙 
peremeability test 渗透试验
particle size analysis 颗粒分析试验 
physical properties of rock 岩石的物理性质
passive earth pressure 被动土压力 
piezocone test(CPTU) 孔压静力触探试验 
peak strength 峰值强度 
piezometric head 测压管水头 
peat 泥炭   penetration resistace 贯入阻力 
pipe jacking method 顶管法 
perched water 上层滞水 piping 管涌 
plane strain test 平面应变试验 
plastic failure 塑性破坏
plastic flow 塑流 
porosity 孔隙率
 plastic limit 塑限 
preconsolidation pressure 先期固结压力 
plastic strain 塑性应变 
plastic zone 塑性区 
preloading method 预压法 
plasticity chart 塑性图
pressure bulb 压力泡 
plasticity index 塑性指数 
pressuremeter test(PMT) 旁压试验 
plate loading test 平板荷载试验 
primary stress 初始应力 ( 地应力 )
point loading test 点荷载试验 
primary consolidation 主固结 
Poisson's ratio 泊松比 
poorly-graded soil 不良级配土 
principle of effective stress 有效应力原理
pore air pressure 孔隙气压力
progressive failure 渐近破坏 
pore pressure 孔隙压力 
prototype monitoring 原型监测 
pore pressure parameter 孔隙水压力系数 
punching shear failure 冲剪破坏 
pore pressure ratio 孔隙压力比 
pump — in test 压水试验 
pore water 孔隙水 
pumping test 抽水试验 
pore water pressure 孔隙水压力
 
岩土工程专业词汇——Q辑
quick sand 流砂 
quick shear test 快剪试验 
 
岩土工程专业词汇——R辑
radial flat jack technique 径向扁千斤顶法 
radius of influence 影响半径 
radial wells 辐射井 
Rankine's earth pressure theory
 兰金土压力理论 
rate of settlement 沉降速率 
retaining wall 挡土墙 ( 挡墙 )
retardation 滞后 
rate of stripping 剥离比 
rheology 流变学 
rebound modulus 回弹模量 
road pavement 道路路面 
rebound of foundation 地基回弹 
rockburst 岩爆
recharge area 补给区        recharge rate 补给率
rock classification 岩石分类 
rock engineering 岩石工程 
recharge method 回灌法 rock fall 岩崩 
reclamation 围垦工程 rockfill dam 堆石坝 
reinforced earth 加筋土rock mass 岩体 
reinforced soil wall 加筋土挡墙 
rock mass basic quality 岩体基本质量 
relative density 相对密度 
rock mechanics 岩石力学 ( 岩体力学 )
relaxation time 松弛时间relief well 减压井 
rock quality designation(RQD) 岩石质量指标 
remolded strength 重塑强度 
rolled fill earth dam 碾压土坝 
remote sensmg prospecting 遥感勘测 
rolling compaction test 碾压试验 
reserve of building material 建材储量 
root pile 树根桩    residual soil 残积土 
rose diagram of joints 节理玫瑰图 
residual strength 残余强度  runoff area 径流区 
resonant column test 共振桩试验 
rupture, fracture 断裂 
 
岩土工程专业词汇——S辑
saline soil 盐渍土sandy soil 砂井土 
sand drain 排水砂井saturation curve 饱和曲线 
scale effect 尺度效应 
shield driving method 盾构法 
seasonally frozen soil 季节冻土 
shortcrete 喷射混凝土 
secondary consolidation 次固结 
shrinkage index 缩性指数 
shrinkage limit 缩限 side ditch 侧沟
secondary consolidation settle ment 次固结沉降
simple shear test 单剪试验 
sedimentary rock 沉积岩 
seepage 渗流   slaking 湿化
air slaking潮解, 风化dry slaking干式消化[熟化]
lime slaking石灰熟化; 石灰消化
seepage deformation 渗透变 
slide — resistant pile 抗滑桩 
slip surface 滑动面
seepage failure 渗透破坏 slip zone 滑动带 
seepage force 渗流力 sloping wall 斜墙 
seepage path 渗径 
slow shear test 慢剪试验 
soft clay 软粘土 
self — boring pressuremeter 自钻式旁压仪 
soil dynamics 土动力学 
oil fabric 土的组构 
semi 一 infinite elastic body 半无限弹性体 
soil flow 流土soil mass 土体 
sensitivity 灵敏度 soil mechanics 土力学 
settlement 沉降 soil nailing 土钉 
settlement calculation depth 沉降计算深度 
soil sampler 取土器 soil skeleton 土骨架 
settlement curve 沉降曲线 special soil 特殊土
shear modulus 剪切模量 soldier pile 排桩 
shear strain 剪应变soil structure 土的结构 
shear strength 抗剪强度 sheet pile wall 板桩墙 
specific gravity of soil particle 土粒比重 
specific grout absorption
单位吸浆量(比吸浆量 )
stress concentration 应力集中 
specific penetration resistance 比贯入阻力 
stress controlled test 应力控制试验 
specific surface 比表面积 
stress distribution 应力分布 
specific water absorption 单位吸水量 
stress history 应力历史 
specific yield 给水度   stress level 应力水平 
split test 劈裂试验 ( 巴西试验 )
stress path 应力路径 
stress recovery method 应力恢复法 
stability analysis 稳定分析 
stability number 稳定数 
stress relaxation 应力松弛
stable crack growth 稳定裂纹扩展 
stress relief method 压力解除法 
standard penetration test 标准贯入试验 
stress space 应力空间 
stip load 条形荷载 
state of plastic equilibrium 塑性平衡状态 
structural block 结构体
 steady seepage 稳定渗流 
structural plane 结构面 stone material 石料 
structural types of rock mass 岩体结构类型 
stereographlc projection 赤平投影 
subsurface runoff 地下径流 
storage coefficient 储水系数 
sureharge 超载           surface force 表面力 
strain controlled test 应变控制试验 
surface soil stabilization 浅层土加固 
strain hardening 应变硬化 
surface water 地表水      strain space 应变空间 
surface wave vecosity method 表面波法 
strain softening 应变软化 
strength envelope 强度包线
surrounding rock 围岩 
surrounding rock stress 围岩应力 ( 二次应力 )
swelling force 膨胀力 
swelling index 回弹指数 
Swedish circle method 瑞典圆弧法 
swelling ratio 膨胀率 
syncline 向斜 
 
岩土工程专业词汇——T辑
tailings dam 尾矿坝 
total stress analysis 总应力分析 
tensile strength 抗拉强度 
Terzaghi's consolidation theory
   太沙基固结理论 
transducer 传感器 transient load 瞬时荷载 
texsol , fibre soil 纤维土 
transmissivity 导水系数 
thaw collapsibility 融陷性 trench 探槽 
thick wall sampler 厚壁取土器 
trench out method 挖沟法 
triangular method 三角形法 
thin wall sampler 薄壁取土器 
triaxial compression test 三轴压缩试验 ( 三轴剪切试验 )
thixotropy 触变性three phase diagram 三相图 
tieback wall , anchored wall 锚杆挡墙 
triaxial extension test 三轴伸长试验 
time factor 时间因数
torsional shear test 扭剪试验 
total mineralization of groundwater
lining 隧道衬砌turbulent flow 紊流 
total stress 总应力
 true triaxial test 真三轴试验 
triaxial test 三轴试验
 
岩土工程专业词汇——U辑
ultimate bearing capacity 极限承载力 
unconfined compressive streng th test
无侧限抗压强度试验
underlying stratum 下卧层 
unconsolidated undrained 不固结不排水 
underpinning 托换技术
under-consolidated soil 欠固结土 
岩土工程专业词汇——U辑
undisturbed soil sample
  不扰动土样 ( 原状土样 )
uniformly distributed load 均布荷载 
underground diaphragm wall 地下连续墙 
unit weight 容量 
up — hole method 上孔法 
underground opening 地下洞室 
uplift pressure 扬压力
 
岩土工程专业词汇——V辑
vacuum preloading 真空预压法 
vertical shaft 竖井 vibroflotation 振冲法 
valley terrace 河谷阶地 
void ratio 孔隙比 
vane shear test 十字板剪切试验 
volumetric strain 体应变 
volume shrinkage ratio 体缩率 
varved clay 带状粘土 
 
岩土工程专业词汇——W辑
water bearing capacity 容水量 
weathered crust 风化壳 
water content 含水率 
weathered rock 风化岩石 
water injeeting test 注水试验 
weathered zone 风化带 
weathering 风化作用 
water retaining capacity 持水度 
weathering degree of rock 岩石风化程度 
weak intercalated layer 软弱夹层 
well point 井点排水 
well — graded soil 良好级配土 
weak structural plane 软弱结构面 
 
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标签:环球语翼