缩短论文长度的 10 个技巧

2015-09-01 16:06:27   来源：网络    点击：

写论文需要同时记得期刊的要求然后尽量保持内文简洁，在论文写完后，可以再回头看一遍，找出可以再精简的内容。

        这里有些写作小技巧，相信会对你有所帮助：

 1. 以 there is a previous study on、it has been reported that 或其他类似的句型开头的句子通常都会引用一些文献，使得句子较累赘，可以将这些短语删除，仅留下引用文献。

示例

原文：It has been reported that the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease increases with age (Rogue et al., 2004). (17 字)

修改后： The incidence of Alzheimer’s disease increases with age (Rogue et al., 2004). (12 字)

2. 含有产品名称的句子可以将产品名放进括号里来缩短。

示例

原文：The samples were analyzed on the ABC spectrophotometer (Zhejiang Scientific, Zhejiang, China) to determine the xyz values. (17 字)

修改后：The samples were analyzed  to determine the xyz values (ABC spectrometer; Zhejiang Scientific, Zhejiang, China). (15 字)

3. 将动词名词化能有效使句子变华丽，试着把这类的字找出来。以下例句借着把 diagnosis 替换成 diagnosed 将句子变短了。

示例

原文：A diagnosis of cancer was made on the basis of the findings. (12 字)

修改后： Cancer was diagnosed on the basis of the findings. (9 字)

4. 在结果章节，避免用群组数据加上统计相关性，可以直接把数据放进括号里。

示例

原文：The protein level was 5 mg in Group A, while it was 3 mg in Group B, the difference being statistically significant (p < 0.05). (25 字)

修改后：The difference in the protein level  between groups A and B was significant (5 mg vs. 3 mg, p < 0.05). (21 字)

5. 检查是不是能把一些对读者来说理所当然的基本信息给删除，作者通常多在介绍与讨论部分的开头有所叙述。虽说建构上下文很重要，但给读者这样的信息就有点太过了。例如你在写有关 AIDS 的研究论文，不要用像 AIDS is a life-threatening disease. 这样的句子开头。

6. 找找一些典型的赘词，用比较不那么啰嗦的词来表示。以下提供一些范例：

示例

a number of → several

as a result → therefore

on the other hand → whereas

as a consequence of → owing to

7. 在英文文法里，可以用“省略结构”免去在一个句子里重复出现的动词。

示例

原文：Group A was given cyclosporine, Group B was given FK506, and Group C was given chlorambucil. (16 字)

修改后：Group A was given cyclosporine; Group B,  FK506; and Group C,  chlorambucil. (12 字)

8. 大部分像 MS Office 这样的软件将连字符号串联的字算成一个字，尽量多利用连字符吧。

示例

原文：After rehabilitation, the patients came to rely on themselves. (9 字)

修改后：After rehabilitation, the patients became self-reliant (6 字)

9. 有时候使用主动语态能减少某些句构的字数。

示例

原文：Written  informed consent was given by all patients. (8 字)

修改后：All patients gave written  informed consent . (6 字)

10. 避免用 of 表示所有格。

示例

原文：Patients of Group 1 were followed up for 6 months, and those of Group 2, for 12 months. (18 字)

修改后： Group 1 patients were followed up for 6 months,  and  Group 2 patients, for 12 months. (16 字)

以上几个方法能在不改变内文的情况下通过英文大幅减少文章长度，不过减少字数总归不是件简单的事，需要来回读过几遍把能精简的部分找出来。如果以上方法都不管用，就要多费心神把内容整个看过，看看那个部分能删掉了。